The Jixiao Xinshu or New Treatise on Military Efficiency is a military manual written during the 1560s and 1580s by the Ming dynasty general Qi Jiguang. Its primary significance is in advocating for a combined arms approach to warfare using five types of infantry and two type of support. Qi Jiguang separated infantry into five separate categories: firearms, swordsmen, archers with fire arrows, ordinary archers, and spearmen. He split support crews into horse archers and artillery units. The Jixiao Xinshu is also one of the earliest-existing East Asian texts to address the relevance of Chinese martial arts with respect to military training and warfare. Several contemporary martial arts styles of Qi's era are mentioned in the book, including the staff method of the Shaolin temple.
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{"type":"standard","title":"Salvia ecuadorensis","displaytitle":"Salvia ecuadorensis","namespace":{"id":0,"text":""},"wikibase_item":"Q4302393","titles":{"canonical":"Salvia_ecuadorensis","normalized":"Salvia ecuadorensis","display":"Salvia ecuadorensis"},"pageid":12353318,"thumbnail":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Salvia_ecuadorensis.jpg/330px-Salvia_ecuadorensis.jpg","width":320,"height":534},"originalimage":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Salvia_ecuadorensis.jpg","width":1198,"height":2000},"lang":"en","dir":"ltr","revision":"1178505146","tid":"11330a56-6260-11ee-a506-e0ddebc340eb","timestamp":"2023-10-04T02:45:24Z","description":"Species of flowering plant","description_source":"local","content_urls":{"desktop":{"page":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvia_ecuadorensis","revisions":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvia_ecuadorensis?action=history","edit":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvia_ecuadorensis?action=edit","talk":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Salvia_ecuadorensis"},"mobile":{"page":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvia_ecuadorensis","revisions":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/Salvia_ecuadorensis","edit":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvia_ecuadorensis?action=edit","talk":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Salvia_ecuadorensis"}},"extract":"Salvia ecuadorensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae that is native to Ecuador.\nIts natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.","extract_html":"
Salvia ecuadorensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae that is native to Ecuador.\nIts natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
"}{"fact":"All cats need taurine in their diet to avoid blindness. Cats must also have fat in their diet as they are unable to produce it on their own.","length":140}
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